PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION AND TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH MULTICOMPONENT CARDIAC SURGERY TERMS

Abstract

Introduction. The rapid development of cardiac surgery and the dominance of English in international medical communication have led to the active formation of complex multicomponent terms that require accurate linguistic description and standardized translation. The structural complexity of such terminological units and variability of their Ukrainian equivalents create difficulties in professional communication and translation practice. Therefore, the analysis of multicomponent cardiac surgery terminology and its translation strategies remains relevant for modern terminology studies and medical translation.
Purpose. The purpose of the research is to identify structural and semantic features of English multicomponent cardiac surgery terms, determine productive syntactic models of their formation, and analyze the main ways of their translation into Ukrainian.
Methods. The study is based on structural semantic analysis, word-formation analysis, descriptive and comparative methods, as well as quantitative analysis. The material of the research includes 210 English cardiac surgery terms selected by continuous sampling from Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary and specialized medical sources. Results. The analysis demonstrates that multicomponent terms constitute a significant part of cardiac surgery terminology and are mainly formed syntactically. The most productive models are Adj + N, N1 + N2,
and N1 + N2 + N3, which allow gradual specification of the generic concept by adding attributive components. Multicomponent terms are formed by expanding two-component constructions through
additional modifiers expressed by adjectives or nouns. The study shows that such terms can function as semantically integral units or as formally divisible combinations. Translation analysis indicates that rendering of multicomponent cardiac surgery terms is carried out through analytical and synthetic stages.
The most common translation techniques include genitive constructions, transformation of nominal modifiers into adjectives, and use of full structural equivalents. Quantitative analysis reveals that 77 units (37 %) of the analyzed material are formed syntactically, which confirms the high productivity of multicomponent terminological word combinations in cardiac surgery terminology.
Originality. The research provides a systematic analysis of English multicomponent cardiac surgery terms, identifies productive structural models, and determines typical translation strategies into Ukrainian, which have not been comprehensively described in previous linguistic studies.
Conclusion. Multicomponent cardiac surgery terms represent a productive and structurally complex layer of medical terminology. Their formation is primarily based on syntactic models that ensure semantic precision and terminological specificity. Translation of such terms requires consideration of structural relations between components and application of appropriate grammatical transformations. The obtained results contribute to the standardization of cardiac surgery terminology and improve translation accuracy in medical discourse. Further research may focus on expanding the corpus of terms, analyzing other structural models, and investigating functional features of cardiac surgery terminology in professional texts.