FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTIC FIELD OF QUALITY IN DIALECT TEXTS

Abstract

Introduction. Qualitative characteristics of objects, actions, and states of the environment in various forms of expression are reflected in language and implemented in speech, but its representation in the speech of specific groups of speakers of the language, in particular dialect, has not been studied yet. Researchers only casually distinguish individual characteristics of the linguistic
expression of the semantics of the category of quality, but it has not yet been clarified how this category is represented in the language as a whole, what the patterns of its implementation in different groups of dialect speakers are, that prompted the presentation of the verbalization of the category in the proposed article qualities in dialect texts from middle-upper-Dnieper dialects.
The purpose. The purpose of the article is to single out the linguistic variant of the functionalsemantic field of quality in dialect texts from the middle-upper-Dnieper dialects, to find out the specifics of its functioning in dialect speech and in the idiolect of individual linguistic personalities.
The methods. Research methods: descriptive with elements of modeling, system, component and contextual analysis, quantitative calculations.
Main results of the study. As a result of the study, the functional-semantic field of quality in middle-upper-Dnieper dialects was singled out, the repertoire of its units, the frequency and specificity of their use in texts, and the percentage correlation of all the main lexical-grammatical classes representing the category of quality were clarified. Units with the meaning of quality (1418) in dialect texts from Middle-upper-Dnieper dialects make up a small percentage of the total number of words (from 0.44% to
2.52%), and the reason for the different number of representatives of the category quality in dialect texts
may be the very mechanism of representing human experience and knowledge by means of language.
Originality. The category of quality and the means of its verbalization in the speech of respondents from middle-upper-Dnieper dialects have not yet been the object of research, therefore, the integral representation of the functional-semantic field of quality in the specified area, the identification of its core and periphery, and the peculiarities of use constitute the novelty of this article.
Conclusions and specific suggestions of the author. The center of the FSP ФСП of quality in middle-upper-Dnieper colloquialisms is qualitative adjectives, the core zone includes qualitatively descriptive adverbs, and the periphery is formed by nouns, verbs, and predicatives with the meaning of quality, which have a negligible frequency in colloquialisms. In the structure of the FSP of quality, 7
microfields are distinguished for the designation of color, taste, physical, mental, temperature, parametric and temporal characteristics of environmental objects. The most filled are microfields for marking the physical properties of objects and physical properties of people and other creatures, which is due to the anthropocentric thinking of the dialect speaker and his contacts with the environment. Also, typical cross-level categories characteristic of qualitative adjectives and qualitatively descriptive adverbs derived from them are evidenced within the studied FSP, in it we trace the systemic connections of components revealed through intra-verbal and inter-verbal synonymy, antonymy and polysemy of lexemes belonging to different microfields. A more detailed characterization of the microfield for color designation made it possible not only to distinguish the repertoire of units, to reveal the systematicity of its components, their paradigmatic and syntagmatic connections and functional features, but also made it possible to clarify the conditioning of the composition of the microfield by the subject of dialect texts and the national specificity of native speakers, revealed personal perception semantics of coloratives.